6-6 卷积神经网络LeNet

1.LeNet

import torch
from torch import nn
from d2l import torch as d2lnet = nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(1, 6, kernel_size=5, padding=2), nn.Sigmoid(),nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),nn.Conv2d(6, 16, kernel_size=5), nn.Sigmoid(),nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),nn.Flatten(),nn.Linear(16*5*5, 120), nn.Sigmoid(),nn.Linear(120, 84), nn.Sigmoid(),nn.Linear(84, 10)
)

X = torch.rand(size=(1, 1, 28, 28), dtype=torch.float32)
for layer in net:X = layer(X)print(layer.__class__.__name__,'output shape: \t', X.shape)

Conv2d output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 6, 28, 28])
Sigmoid output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 6, 28, 28])
AvgPool2d output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 6, 14, 14])
Conv2d output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 16, 10, 10])
Sigmoid output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 16, 10, 10])
AvgPool2d output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 16, 5, 5])
Flatten output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 400])
Linear output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 120])
Sigmoid output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 120])
Linear output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 84])
Sigmoid output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 84])
Linear output shape: 	 torch.Size([1, 10])

2.模型训练

batch_size = 256
train_iter, test_iter = d2l.load_data_fashion_mnist(batch_size=batch_size)

def evaluate_accuracy_gpu(net, data_iter, device=None):'''使用GPU计算模型在数据集上的精度'''if isinstance(net, nn.Module):net.eval() # 设置为评估模式if not device:device = next(iter(net.parameters())).device# 正确预测的数量，总预测的数量metric = d2l.Accumulator(2)with torch.no_grad():for X, y in data_iter:if isinstance(X, list):# BERT微调所需的X = [x.to(device) for x in X]else:X = X.to(device)y = y.to(device)metric.add(d2l.accuracy(net(X), y), y.numel())return metric[0] / metric[1]

def train_ch6(net, train_iter, test_iter, num_epochs, lr, device):'''用GPU训练模型'''def init_weights(m):if type(m) == nn.Linear or type(m) == nn.Conv2d:nn.init.xavier_uniform_(m.weight)net.apply(init_weights)print('training on', device)net.to(device)optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(net.parameters(), lr=lr)loss = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()animator = d2l.Animator(xlabel='epoch', xlim=[1, num_epochs],legend=['train loss', 'train acc', 'test acc'])timer, num_batches = d2l.Timer(), len(train_iter)for epoch in range(num_epochs):# 训练损失之和，训练准确率之和，样本数metric = d2l.Accumulator(3)net.train()for i, (X, y) in enumerate(train_iter):timer.start()optimizer.zero_grad()X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)y_hat = net(X)l = loss(y_hat, y)l.backward()optimizer.step()with torch.no_grad():# metric.add(1*X.shape[0], d2l.accuracy(y_hat, y), X.shape[0])metric.add(l.sum().item(), d2l.accuracy(y_hat, y), X.shape[0])timer.stop()train_1 = metric[0] / metric[2]train_acc = metric[1] / metric[2]if (i+1) % (num_batches // 5) == 0 or i == num_batches - 1:animator.add(epoch+(i+1) / num_batches,(train_1, train_acc, None))test_acc = evaluate_accuracy_gpu(net, test_iter)animator.add(epoch+1, (None, None, test_acc))print(f'loss {train_1:.3f}, train acc {train_acc:.3f},'f'test acc {test_acc:.3f}')print(f'{metric[2]*num_epochs / timer.sum():.1f} examples/sec'f'on {str(device)}')

lr, num_epochs = 0.9, 10
train_ch6(net, train_iter, test_iter, num_epochs, lr, d2l.try_gpu())

loss 0.002, train acc 0.827,test acc 0.803
9020.8 examples/secon cpu