使用Scalar.AspNetCore来管理你的OpenApi

一直觉得很好的一个组件，网上介绍少得可怜，没办法，只有自己爬官网了，又是对照git又是看doc文档，总算是玩明白了，现在完全抛弃那个谁谁谁了。因人喜好各取所长吧

先来官方参考地址：

https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/fundamentals/openapi/include-metadata?view=aspnetcore-9.0&tabs=minimal-apis

这是scalar的.net 集成文档地址

https://guides.scalar.com/scalar/scalar-api-references/integrations/net-aspnet-core/integration

github地址

https://github.com/scalar/scalar

先放个图，诱惑一下，集成了很多主题，还可以自定主题（留给前端去玩吧）

 

一、简单使用

1.建立一个API项目，（最小，mvc都可）

2.引用包

 dotnet add package Scalar.AspNetCore （当前版本2.9.0）

 dotnet add package Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi（当前版本10.0）

3.添加引用

using Scalar.AspNetCore;

4.添加配置，在Program.cs中添加下面配置

builder.Services.AddOpenApi();if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{app.MapOpenApi();app.MapScalarApiReference();
}

现在运行一下，看看，localhost:xxxx/scalar

是不是看到列出漂亮的界面了？

二、基本配置

1.自定义路由

不想使用/salar，可以换成自己的地址

app.MapScalarApiReference("/api-docs");
app.MapScalarApiReference("/docs");

2.多文当或版本控制

// Chain multiple documents
app.MapScalarApiReference(options =>
{options.AddDocument("v1", "Production API", "api/v1/openapi.json").AddDocument("v2-beta", "Beta API", "api/v2-beta/openapi.json", isDefault: true).AddDocument("internal", "Internal API", "internal/openapi.json");
});

isDefault: true是默认打开的页面
3.自定义文档的默认调试语言

app.MapScalarApiReference(options =>
{options.WithDefaultHttpClient(ScalarTarget.CSharp, ScalarClient.HttpClient);
});

它对应右边窗口的语言，基本上都支持，java,php,rust,py,swift

三、高级配置

之前的老版本使用的硬编码option加配置，2.9.0以后，在界面右上角菜单栏上出现了一个编辑配置功能

根据自己的喜好，调试编辑完配置文件后，可以复制到文件中单独保存，真是太贴心了

{"title": "Aquxa API Documentation","slug": "aquxa-api-documentation","hideClientButton": true,"servers": [{"url": "http://localhost:5215","description": "Development server"}],"showSidebar": true,"showToolbar": "localhost",//这里特别说明一下，编辑完后，不想出现这个菜单栏，就在这里可以关闭showToolbar: "never""operationTitleSource": "summary","theme": "solarized",//主题可以自己选，喜欢哪个选哪个"_integration": "dotnet","persistAuth": false,"telemetry": true,"layout": "modern","isEditable": false,"isLoading": false,"hideModels": true,"documentDownloadType": "both","hideTestRequestButton": false,"hideSearch": false,"showOperationId": false,"hideDarkModeToggle": false,"favicon": "favicon.svg","withDefaultFonts": true,"defaultOpenAllTags": false,"expandAllModelSections": true,"expandAllResponses": true,"orderSchemaPropertiesBy": "alpha","orderRequiredPropertiesFirst": true,"url": "http://localhost:5215/openapi/v1.json"
}

PS：这里特别说明一下，编辑完后，不想出现这个菜单栏，就在这里可以关闭showToolbar: "never"
得到这个文件，保存到wwwroot/js/scalar-config.js，注意，一定要保存到能访问的静态目录里，并在program.cs添加静态目录的配置

app.UseStaticFiles(). //这个要放在scalar配置的前面，不然访问不到

添加配置文件加载

.WithJavaScriptConfiguration("/js/scalar-config.js")     

 

这里费了好大的劲，查官方，看代码，因为官方文档还是老文档，只是简单的概括了一下。最后整出来了

四、文档的编辑

使用最重要的还是API文档编辑，其实它完全用的标准的OpenApi，只要参考这个表就可以完全配置了

[ApiController][Route("api/[controller]")][ApiExplorerSettings(GroupName = "v1")][Tags("Admin")] // 为整个控制器添加标签public class AdminController : ControllerBase{[HttpPost("reload-cache")]public IActionResult ReloadCache(){// 模拟重新加载缓存的操作return Ok("Cache reloaded successfully");}[HttpGet("stats")]public IActionResult GetStats(){return Ok(new { Users = 100, Requests = 1000 });}}

下面说一下常用的特性

1.API分组

    [ApiExplorerSettings]

这个比较熟悉，它可以分组，分版本，当你分好版本后[ApiExplorerSettings(GroupName = "v1")]/[ApiExplorerSettings(GroupName = "v2")]，会在scalar中左上角可以选择，当然，你也可以把它做为组来用

如果有不想显示的API也可以用[ApiExplorerSettings(IgnoreApi = true)]来排除显示

[HttpGet("/private")]
[ApiExplorerSettings(IgnoreApi = true)]
public IActionResult PrivateEndpoint() {return Ok("This is a private endpoint");
}

2.API分类

[Tags]

分类的API，会归档在一起，方便查询，这样看起来没有那么乱了

[Tags(["Admin", "OtherAPI"])]
[HttpGet("attributes")]
public IResult Attributes()
{return Results.Ok("Hello world!");
}

3.描述

[EndpointSummary("OtherApi")]
[EndpointDescription("这是一个公开接口，无需认证")]
[HttpGet("attributes")]
public IResult Attributes()
{return Results.Ok("Hello world!");
}

更多编辑文档就看这里吧

https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/fundamentals/openapi/include-metadata?view=aspnetcore-9.0&tabs=controllers

五、认证授权

这里就使用自己的授权就可以，这里就偷懒找AI完成了。参考部分都有备注

using Scalar.AspNetCore;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using MyWebApi; // 添加对WeatherForecast的引用var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);// Add services to the container.
// Learn more about configuring OpenAPI at https://aka.ms/aspnet/openapi
builder.Services.AddOpenApi("v1");
builder.Services.AddOpenApi("v2");
// 添加控制器服务
builder.Services.AddControllers();// 添加身份验证服务
builder.Services.AddAuthentication("BasicAuthentication").AddScheme<AuthenticationSchemeOptions, BasicAuthenticationHandler>("BasicAuthentication", null);// 添加授权服务
builder.Services.AddAuthorization(options =>
{options.AddPolicy("ScalarAccess", policy => policy.RequireAuthenticatedUser());
});// 配置服务器URL，避免端口冲突
builder.WebHost.UseUrls("http://localhost:5215");
var app = builder.Build();// Configure static file middleware to serve the JavaScript config file
app.UseStaticFiles();// 添加身份验证和授权中间件
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{app.MapOpenApi();// Add Scalar for API management with JavaScript configuration and authorizationapp.MapScalarApiReference("/scalar", options =>{options.WithTitle("MyWebApi").WithJavaScriptConfiguration("/js/scalar-config.js")               .AddDocument("v1", "Aquxa API Documentation",isDefault: true).AddDocument("v2", "Beta API");}).RequireAuthorization("ScalarAccess"); // 应用授权策略
}// 添加控制器路由
app.MapControllers();app.Run();// Basic Authentication Handler
public class BasicAuthenticationHandler : AuthenticationHandler<AuthenticationSchemeOptions>
{public BasicAuthenticationHandler(IOptionsMonitor<AuthenticationSchemeOptions> options,ILoggerFactory logger,UrlEncoder encoder): base(options, logger, encoder){}protected override async Task<AuthenticateResult> HandleAuthenticateAsync(){// 检查是否有Authorization头if (!Request.Headers.ContainsKey("Authorization"))return AuthenticateResult.NoResult();try{// 解析Basic认证头var authHeader = Request.Headers["Authorization"].ToString();if (!authHeader.StartsWith("Basic "))return AuthenticateResult.NoResult();var encodedCredentials = authHeader.Substring("Basic ".Length).Trim();var decodedCredentials = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(encodedCredentials));var credentials = decodedCredentials.Split(':', 2);var username = credentials[0];var password = credentials[1];// 验证用户名和密码（这里使用硬编码，实际应用中应从配置或数据库获取）if (username == "admin" && password == "password123"){var claims = new[] { new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, username) };var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, Scheme.Name);var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(principal, Scheme.Name);return AuthenticateResult.Success(ticket);}return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Invalid username or password");}catch{return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Invalid Authorization Header");}}protected override async Task HandleChallengeAsync(AuthenticationProperties properties){// 发送WWW-Authenticate头以触发浏览器的认证对话框Response.Headers["WWW-Authenticate"] = "Basic realm=\"Scalar API Documentation\"";await base.HandleChallengeAsync(properties);}
}