spring基于xml配置文件和基于注解方式入门案例实现

1.基于xml方式

引入相关的jar包

<!--springmvc需要的jar包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--servlet相关包--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies>

配置web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--配置servlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--配置springmvc.xml的路径--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>

配置为根目录,当访问网站时,读取springmvc.xml文件中的配置
当访问/test 时调用 com.shunli.handler.MyHandler ,进行相应数据处理,然后访问视图层的show.jsp

配置springmvc.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!--配置HandlerMapping, 将url请求映射到Handler--> <bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <!--配置mapping--> <property name="mappings"> <props> <prop key="/test">testHandler</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--配置Handler--> <bean id="testHandler" class="com.shunli.handler.MyHandler"></bean> <!--配置视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--配置前缀--> <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> <!--配置后缀--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> </beans>

MyHandler.java

package com.shunli.handler; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; /** * @author shunli */ public class MyHandler implements Controller { @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception { //装载模型数据和逻辑视图 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); //添加模型数据 modelAndView.addObject("name", "Tom"); //添加逻辑视图 modelAndView.setViewName("show"); return modelAndView; } }

2.基于注解方式

与xml不同的是不需要配置这两个bean

<bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <bean id="testHandler" class="com.shunli.handler.MyHandler"></bean>

首先配置springmvc2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 开启注解扫描 --> <!-- 其中base-package属性指定需要扫描的基类包,spring容器将会扫描这个基类包及其子包中的所有类 --> <!-- 当需要扫描多个包时,可以使用逗号分隔 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.shunli.handler"></context:component-scan> <!--配置视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--配置前缀--> <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> <!--配置后缀--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> </beans>

AnnotationHandler.java

package com.shunli.handler; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import java.util.Map; @Controller public class AnnotationHandler { /* 第一种方式 */ @RequestMapping("/modelAndviewview") public ModelAndView modelAndViewTest(){ //装载模型数据和逻辑视图 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); //添加模型数据 modelAndView.addObject("name","Tom"); //添加逻辑视图 modelAndView.setViewName("show"); return modelAndView; } /* 第二种 */ @RequestMapping("/model") public String modelTest(Model model){ //添加模型数据 model.addAttribute("name", "Jerry"); //设置逻辑视图 return "show"; } /* 第三种 */ @RequestMapping("/cat") public String MapTest(Map<String, String> map){ //添加模型数据 map.put("name", "Cat"); return "show"; } }