IDEA搭建SpringBoot+Elasticsearch6.8完整流程

一、环境版本说明（兼容不踩坑）

二、IDEA 手动创建 SpringBoot 项目

1. 新建空 Maven 项目

• File → New → Project → 选择Maven，JDK 选 1.8/11，下一步
• 填写 Group、Artifact（微服务模块名，如es-service），完成创建
• 删除src以外多余文件，手动补全 SpringBoot 结构

2. pom.xml 引入核心依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!-- 父工程SpringBoot --> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.13.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <artifactId>Elasticsearch-demo-service</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>es-service</name> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <!-- 与 ES 6.8.23 服务端版本对齐 --> <elasticsearch.version>6.8.23</elasticsearch.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- SpringBoot Web 微服务基础 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- SpringData Elasticsearch 核心依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- ES 6.8 REST 客户端，版本由 elasticsearch.version 统一管理 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId> <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- lombok简化实体类 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- 测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <excludes> <exclude> <goupid>org.projectlombok</goupid> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </exclude> </excludes> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

刷新 Maven，等待依赖下载完成。

三、项目目录手动创建（标准微服务分层）

四、配置文件 application.yml ES 连接

server: port: 8081 # 微服务端口，避免冲突 spring: elasticsearch: rest: # ES 6.8 REST 地址，多个节点逗号分隔 uris: http://192.168.1.4:9200 # 无账号密码留空，有认证填写 username: password: connection-timeout: 10s read-timeout: 30s

五、编写启动类 EsServiceApplication.java

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = { RestClientAutoConfiguration.class, ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration.class }) @EnableElasticsearchRepositories(basePackages = "com.es.repository") public class EsServiceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EsServiceApplication.class,args); } }

六、ES 文档实体类 UserDoc（对应 ES 索引）

注解：@Document、@Id、@Field

package com.es.entity; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType; // indexName：ES索引名；type：ES6.x 必填；createIndex = true 项目启动自动创建索引 @Document(indexName = "user_info", type = "doc", createIndex = true) @Data @NoArgsConstructor @AllArgsConstructor public class UserDoc { // ES文档唯一ID @Id private Long id; // type字段类型，text支持分词，keyword不分词 @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word") private String username; @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword) private String phone; @Field(type = FieldType.Integer) private Integer age; @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word") private String address; }

分词器 ik 需要提前在 ES 安装 ik 分词插件，否则去掉analyzer属性。

七、Repository 持久层（SpringDataES，类似 MybatisPlus）

无需写 SQL，内置 CRUD、分页、条件查询

@Repository public interface UserRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<UserDoc, Long> { // 自定义根据用户名模糊分页查询（方法名自动解析查询） Page<UserDoc> findByUsernameLike(String username, Pageable pageable); }

八、业务层 Service

1. UserService 接口

public interface UserService { // 新增/更新文档 void saveUser(UserDoc userDoc); // 根据ID查询 UserDoc getUserById(Long id); // 根据ID删除 void deleteUser(Long id); // 分页模糊查询用户名 Page<UserDoc> searchUser(String keyword, Integer pageNum, Integer pageSize); }

2. UserServiceImpl 实现类

package com.es.service.impl; import com.es.entity.UserDoc; import com.es.repository.UserRepository; import com.es.service.UserService; import org.springframework.data.domain.Page; import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest; import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; @Service public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Resource private UserRepository userRepository; @Override public void saveUser(UserDoc userDoc) { userRepository.save(userDoc); } @Override public UserDoc getUserById(Long id) { return userRepository.findById(id).orElse(null); } @Override public void deleteUser(Long id) { userRepository.deleteById(id); } @Override public Page<UserDoc> searchUser(String keyword, Integer pageNum, Integer pageSize) { // ES分页页码从0开始 Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(pageNum - 1, pageSize); return userRepository.findByUsernameLike(keyword, pageable); } }

九、Controller 对外微服务接口

package com.es.controller; import com.es.entity.UserDoc; import com.es.service.UserService; import org.springframework.data.domain.Page; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import javax.annotation.Resource; @RestController @RequestMapping("/es/user") public class EsController { @Resource private UserService userService; // 新增/修改 @PostMapping("/save") public String save(@RequestBody UserDoc userDoc) { userService.saveUser(userDoc); return "操作成功"; } // 根据id查询 @GetMapping("/{id}") public UserDoc get(@PathVariable Long id) { return userService.getUserById(id); } // 删除 @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public String delete(@PathVariable Long id) { userService.deleteUser(id); return "删除成功"; } // 分页搜索 @GetMapping("/search") public Page<UserDoc> search( @RequestParam String keyword, @RequestParam(defaultValue = "1") Integer pageNum, @RequestParam(defaultValue = "10") Integer pageSize ) { return userService.searchUser(keyword, pageNum, pageSize); } }

十、前置准备：启动 Elasticsearch

• 解压 ES6.8.23，执行bin/elasticsearch启动
• 访问：http://127.0.0.1:9200 出现 json 代表启动成功
• 关闭防火墙、跨域（可选），避免连接拒绝

十一、启动项目测试接口

1. 新增数据 POST http://localhost:8081/es/user/save

请求体 JSON：

{ "id": 1, "username": "张三程序员", "phone": "13800138000", "age": 26, "address": "北京市海淀区中关村" }

2. 查询 GET http://localhost:8081/es/user/1

3. 模糊搜索 GET http://localhost:8081/es/user/search?keyword=张三 & pageNum=1&pageSize=10

4. 删除 DELETE http://localhost:8081/es/user/1